Source: <https://poonam.myadvisorfriend.com/hi/shloka/charaka-samhita-chikitsa-sthana-9-6-53/>

# चरक संहिता, चिकित्सा स्थान 9.6

*विकृत बुद्धि, सत्त्व की उत्तेजना, चंचल आँखें, अधीरता, असंगत वाणी और शून्य हृदय-मन — ये उन्माद के सामान्य लक्षण हैं।*

धीविभ्रमः सत्त्वपरिप्लवश्च पर्याकुला दृष्टिरधीरता च । अबद्धवाक्त्वं हृदयं च शून्यं सामान्यमुन्मादगदस्य लिङ्गम् ॥

*dhi-vibhramah sattva-pariplavas ca paryakula drstir adhirata ca | abaddha-vaktvam hrdayam ca sunyam samanyam unmada-gadasya lingam ||*

Perverted intellect, agitation of sattva, restless eyes, impatience, incoherent speech, and a vacant heart-mind — these are the common marks of unmada.

Compare with thought disorder, agitation, and emptiness in modern psychosis chapters. Charaka also writes apasmara (Nidana 8; Chikitsa 10) as episodic loss of memory/consciousness with frightening movements — closer to seizure than to everyday forgetfulness. Do not self-label either.

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